Kasischke-02 Profile

Kasischke-02 Project Profile

Project Title:

Wildfire consumption of ground-layer organic matter in North American boreal forests and peatlands: implications for atmospheric trace gas emissions and long-term soil carbon storage

Project Leader(s):

Eric Kasischke, University of Maryland, College Park

Project Type:

Affiliated Project

Sponsoring Agency:

NASA Terrestrial Ecology

Project Duration:

02/2005 - 01/2009

Abstract:

A three year study was carried out between 2005 and 2008 to further investigate how burning of deep organic soils influences carbon cycling in North American boreal forests. A one-year extension was obtained for this project to complete the studies associated with this project. An early finding from this study was the source of increase in annual a ... [more]

Keywords:

Measurement Approaches: Remote Sensing In Situ Measurements Modeling	Science Questions: Diagnosis Attribution	GHG Compounds: Carbon Dioxide
Spatial Extents of Study: Site Subregional Intensive Region Canada US

Funding Agencies:

U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)

Participants:

Nancy French, Michigan Tech Research Institute
Eric Kasischke, University of Maryland, College Park
David McGuire, University of Alaska Fairbanks
Merritt Turetsky, Univ. of Guelph

Contact NACP Support to request an email list of project participants.

Project
Website URL(s):

Intensive Campaign
Participation:

Research
Needs:

Need	Need by: May 2005
Product Title: Alaskan wildfire database - individual fire characteristics
Description: List of information pertaining to all wildfires in Alaska between 1957 and 1999, including fire nummber, fire year, fire size, start/end dates, start location, and ignition source
Expected Producers: Text file containing table of information
Metadata URL(s): Data requested directly from Alaska Fire Service, Fairbanks, Alaska
Data Server URL(s): Data requested directly from Alaska Fire Service, Fairbanks, Alaska

Need	Need by: May 2005
Product Title: Canada large wildfire data base
Description: List of information pertaining to all wildfires in Canada between 1959 and 1999, including fire nummber, fire year, fire size, start/end dates, start location, ecozone where fire occurred, and ignition source
Expected Producers: Text file containing table of information
Metadata URL(s): http://cwfis.cfs.nrcan.gc.ca/en/historical/ha_lfdb_maps_e.php
Data Server URL(s): http://cwfis.cfs.nrcan.gc.ca/en/historical/ha_lfdb_maps_e.php

Need	Need by: May 2007
Product Title: Landcover maps derived from Landsat TM data
Description: Moderate resolution (60 m) maps of vegetation cover derived from Landsat TM data collected during the 1990s/2000s by the Bureau of Land Management
Expected Producers: Maps of land cover in a GIS format
Metadata URL(s): TO come
Data Server URL(s): To come

Need	Need by: Jun 2007
Product Title: Fire weather indices for Alaska
Description: Daily fire weather indices for the 2004 fire season (May through September) for the state of Alaska from stations nearest all fires greater than 400 ha in size
Expected Producers: Tables of fire weather indices
Metadata URL(s): http://fire.ak.blm.gov/predsvcs/fuelfire/fwidefined.php
Data Server URL(s): http://fire.ak.blm.gov/wx/wxstart.php

Need	Need by: Jun 2007
Product Title: Alaskan Digital Elevation Model
Description: Digital elevation data for the state of Alaska
Expected Producers: Data in a format that can be inputted into a GIS.
Metadata URL(s): http://edc.usgs.gov/products/elevation/dem.html
Data Server URL(s): http://edc.usgs.gov/products/elevation/dem.html

Need	Need by: Jun 2007
Product Title: Alaska large wildfire database - perimeters
Description: Outlines of large (>400 ha) wildfires in Alaska for the years 1950 to 2006
Expected Producers: Data in a format that can be inputted into a GIS.
Metadata URL(s): http://agdc.usgs.gov/data/blm/fire/firehistory/akfirehist06_metadata.htm
Data Server URL(s): http://agdc.usgs.gov/data/blm/fire/index.html

Need	Need by: Jun 2007
Product Title: MODIS MOD14A1 Thermal Anomalies Data
Description: Fire hot spots for Alaska and the Yukon Territories for 2001-2006
Expected Producers: Standard user-developed formats
Metadata URL(s): http://modis-fire.umd.edu/MCD45A1.asp
Data Server URL(s): http://edcimswww.cr.usgs.gov/pub/imswelcome

Need	Need by: Jun 2007
Product Title: MODIS MOD09GHK surface reflectance data 2001 – 2007
Description: Surface reflectance data from MODIS for Alaska and the Yukon for 2001-2006
Expected Producers: Standard user-developed formats
Metadata URL(s): http://modis-land.gsfc.nasa.gov/surfrad.htm
Data Server URL(s): http://edcimswww.cr.usgs.gov/pub/imswelcome/

Need	Need by: Aug 2007
Product Title: Satellite-based dNBR maps for 2004 Alaskan fires
Description: dNBR maps generated for all 2004 fires in Alaska using pre- and post-fire Landsat TM/ETM data
Expected Producers: Vector-based maps of fire perimeters and raster based data of dNBR and Landsat TM/ETM+ surface reflectance
Metadata URL(s): http://svinetfc4.fs.fed.us/mtbs/products.html
Data Server URL(s): http://svinetfc4.fs.fed.us/mtbs/

Need	Need by: Oct 2007
Product Title: MODIS MOD12 Landcover data
Description: Global vegetation cover dataset
Expected Producers: Standard user-developed formats
Metadata URL(s): http://www-modis.bu.edu/landcover/userguidelc/
Data Server URL(s): http://edcimswww.cr.usgs.gov/pub/imswelcome/

Research
Contributions:

Contribution	Available by: Dec 2008
Product Title: Organic layer depth - unburned black spruce forests
Description: Total organic layer depth and depth of organic layer horizons in unburned black spruce forest stands in Alaska
Expected Users: a. Soil carbon modelers b. Soil moisture and temperature modelers c. Pyrogenic carbon emission modelers
Metadata URL(s): http://www.lter.uaf.edu/
Data Server URL(s): http://www.lter.uaf.edu/

Contribution	Available by: Dec 2008
Product Title: Organic layer depth - burned black spruce forests
Description: Total organic layer depth and depth of organic layer horizons in burned black spruce forest stands in Alaska
Expected Users: a. Soil carbon modelers b. Soil moisture and temperature modelers c. Pyrogenic carbon emission modelers
Metadata URL(s): http://www.lter.uaf.edu/
Data Server URL(s): http://www.lter.uaf.edu/

Contribution	Available by: Dec 2008
Product Title: Maps of burned area for 2004 Alaskan fires
Description: Maps of burned area for 2004 Alaskan fires based on Landsat imagery
Expected Users: 1. Terrestrial carbon cycle modelers 2. Pyrogenic emission modelers
Metadata URL(s): http://www.geog.umd.edu/borealfire/eric.html
Data Server URL(s): http://www.geog.umd.edu/borealfire/eric.html

Contribution	Available by: Dec 2008
Product Title: Burned area maps for Alaska and the Yukon - 2001 to 2006
Description: Burned area maps for Alaska and the Yukon for 2001 to 2006 based on MODIS data
Expected Users: 1. Terrestrial carbon cycle modelers 2. Pyrogenic emission modelers
Metadata URL(s): http://www.geog.umd.edu/borealfire/eric.html
Data Server URL(s): http://www.geog.umd.edu/borealfire/eric.html

Contribution	Available by: Dec 2008
Product Title: Pyrogenic carbon emission maps for Alaska for the year 2004
Description: Carbon emission from fire maps for Alaska for the year 2004 based on the analysis of Landsat and MODIS data
Expected Users: 1. Terrestrial carbon cycle modelers 2. Pyrogenic emission modelers
Metadata URL(s): http://www.geog.umd.edu/borealfire/eric.html
Data Server URL(s): http://www.geog.umd.edu/borealfire/eric.html

Publications:

Balshi, M.S., McGuire, A.D., Zhuang, Q., Mellilo, J., Kicklighter, D.W., Kasischke, E.S., Wirth, C., Flannigan, M., Harden, J., Clein, J.S., Burnside, T.J., McAllister, J., Kurz, W., Apps, M., and Shvidenko, A. 2007. The role of historical fire disturbance in the carbon dynamics of the pan-boreal region: A process-based analysis. J. Geophys. Res. 112: G02029, doi:10.1029/2006JG000380.

Kane, E.S., Kasischke, E.S., Valentine, D.W., Turetsky, M.R., and McGuire, A.D. in press. Topographic influences on wildfire consumption of soil organic carbon in black spruce forests of interior Alaska: implications for black carbon accumulation. J. Geophy. Res.

Kasischke, E.S., and Turetsky, M.R. 2006. Recent changes in the fire regime across the North American boreal region- spatial and temporal patterns of burning across Canada and Alaska. Geophys. Res. Lett. 33: L09703, doi:10.1029/2006GL025677.

Shetler, G., Turetsky, M. R., Kane, E. S., & Kasischke, E. S. (2008). Sphagnum mossess control ground-layer fuel consumption during fire in Alaskan black spruce forests: implications for long-term carbon storage. Can J. For. Res., 38, 2328-2336.

Hoy, E. E., French, N. H. F., Turetsky, M. R., Trigg, S. N., & Kasischke, E. S. (2008). Evaluating the potential of the normalized burn ratio and other spectral indices for assessment of fire severity in Alaskan black spruce forests. Int. J. Wildland Fire, 17, 500-514.

Verbyla, D., Kasischke, E. S., & Hoy, E. E. (2008). Seasonal and topographic effects on estimating fire severity from Landsat TM/ETM+ data. Int. J. Wildland Fire, 17, 527-534.

Kasischke, E. S., & Chapin III, F. S. (2008). Increasing Vulnerability of Alaska's Boreal Forest as a Result of Climate Warming and the Changing Fire Regime. In M. C. MacCracken & F. Moore & J. C. J. Topping (Eds.), Sudden and Disruptive Climate Change:Exploring the Real Risks and How We Can Avoid Them (pp. 175-192). London: Earthscan Publications.

Kasischke, E. S., Turetsky, M. R., Ottmar, R. D., French, N. H. F., Hoy, E. E., & Kane, E. S. (2008). Evaluation of the composite burn index for assessing fire severity in Alaskan black spruce forests. Int. J. Wildland Fire, 17, 515-526.

French, N. H. F., Kasischke, E. S., Hall, R. J., Murphy, K. A., Verbyla, D. L., Hoy, E. E., & Allen, J. L. (2008). Using Landsat data to assess fire and burn severity in the North American boreal forest region: an overview and summary of results. Int. J. Wildland Fire, 17, 443-462.

2nd NACP All-Investigators Meeting Posters:

Carbon Emissions from the 2004 Alaskan Fires -- (Eric S. Kasischke, Elizabeth Hoy, Merritt R. Turetsky, Evan S. Kane, Roger D. Ottmar, William de Groot, Jennifer H. Harden, Kristen Manies, Nancy H.F. French) [abstract] [poster]

The Carbon Balance of North American High-latitude Terrestrial Ecosystems in Response to Changes in Atmospheric Chemistry, Climate and Disturbance Regime -- (Daniel J Hayes, A David McGuire, David W Kicklighter, Jerry M Melillo) [abstract]